Adeel Abbas Learning Objectives In this article, the author has explained about Hydration energy It is the amount of heat absorbed or evolved when one mole of gaseous ions dissolve in water to give an infinitely dilute solution. Definition of Hydration energy It is also known as hydration enthalpy. This is a special case in the condition … Read more
Learning Objectives In this article, the author has explained about electrical conductivities of elements in the periodic table and conductivity trend periodic table. After reading this article you will learn the following topics. What is electrical conductivity in chemistry? Electrical conductivity is the capability of a substance to conduct the electric current due to the … Read more
Learning Objectives In this article, the author has explained the fractional distillation of petroleum products. After reading this article you will learn about the following points. What is fractional distillation? Fractional distillation is a process of separating the compounds of the mixture on the basis of differences in their boiling points. Definition of fractional distillation … Read more
In this article, the author has explained about… Analysis of compound Molecular and Empirical Formula Combustion analysis Percentage of elements in a compound Analysis of a compound To find the molecular formula of a compound following steps are considered. All the elements present in the compound are identified. This is called qualitative analysis. The mass … Read more
In this article, the author has explained the following… Basics of mass spectrometry and detection of isotopes. The basic principle of the mass spectrometer Parts of mass spectrometer relationship between isotopes and atomic mass What is Mass spectrometry? Mass spectrometry is an analytical method used to measure the exact masses of the different isotopes of … Read more
In this article, the author has discussed the oxidation state. After reading this article you will learn What is the oxidation state? How to find an oxidation state? Oxidation state in ionic and covalent compounds Relationship of oxidation state and group number The oxidation state of transition elements Variable oxidation states What is Oxidation state? … Read more
Written by Adeel Abbas What are Isotopes? According to John Dalton’s point of view, all the atoms of an element were similar. However, Soddyy showed that atoms of the same element may be different. This phenomenon of isotopy was discovered by Soddy. Fact about isotopy Atoms of the same element, with the same atomic number … Read more
Written by Adeel Abbas Periodic trends are the patterns in the properties of elements that can be observed when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. This arrangement is known as the periodic table. Some of the most important periodic trends include ionization energy, atomic radius, electron affinity, and metallic character. In … Read more
Written by Adeel Abbas What are molecules and ions in chemistry? What are Molecules in chemistry? The smallest particle of elements or compounds that can exist independently is known to be a molecule. Definition of Molecule It is made up of two or more atoms of similar or different elements. Cl2, O2, NH3, C6H12O6. Anyhow, … Read more
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this article, the author has explained Sources of organic compounds such as coal, plants, animals, and petroleum products. Sources of organic compounds Plants, animals, microorganisms, coal, petroleum, and natural gas are all sources of organic compounds. Related: Fundamental principles of organic chemistry Sources of organic compounds Here are some most common sources of organic … Read more